In the mid-70's design bureau was tasked to create a special aviation system needed to address a number of important military-technical problems in the interest of national defense. Had to solve many complex scientific, technical and engineering problems. Much has been done first time not only in domestic but also in the world, requiring just a gigantic amount of various development works. Therefore, since 1977, the Design Bureau started creating a flying laboratory product "1A" for testing of basic technical solutions of a new specialized aviation complex. Work on this topic were conducted in broad cooperation with enterprises and scientific organizations throughout the country, but the main partner of EDB was CDB "Almaz".
basic aircraft for a flying laboratory was the Il-76MD (USSR-86879), which in the interest of placing a special equipment were carried out profound improvements greatly change the appearance of the aircraft. At the bow instead of the regular meteoradara installed bulbous fairing with special equipment. On each side of the fuselage under the fairing housed a unique turbo power, providing job Special complex. Due to the great power also had to replace a full-time MAT. To power the laser and related equipment on the side the bow of the turbo-generators have been installed as the Il-76PP.
Originally it was decided to placing a laser gun: in order not to spoil the aerodynamics another aircraft fairing, a shell made retractable. The top of the fuselage between the wing and the keel was cut and replaced with huge wings, consisting of several segments. They retracted inside the fuselage, and then climbed up the gun turret.
the wing protruding outside the contour of the fuselage fairings with a profile similar profile of the wing. The cargo ramp is retained, but sash cargo hatch was removed and sewn into a metal hatch.
first time in the air flying laboratory "1A" picked up on Aug. 19, 1981 the crew led by test pilot EA Lahmostovym. August 29, 1991, the crew headed by a test pilot VP Demyanovskim, raised to air the second flying laboratory, was named the "1A2". On-board placed a new version of a special complex, modified by results of tests conducted on the "1A".
refine the aircraft performed Taganrog Aviation Scientific-Technical Complex (Beriev) them. GM Beriev Taganrog and Machine-Building Plant. Georgi Dimitrov, which produces A-50 and anti-aircraft Tu-142.
On the tests of domestic military laser is not known because they were top secret. The only thing that while we can say that was performed dozens of works on target (Stratospheric balloon), located at altitudes of 30-40 km. Also performed a target-shooting and La 17. This car was waiting for some information unenviable fate √ plane burned to the ground at an air base Chkalovskaya (Moscow) ┘
Burned aircraft so. He evening was fully dressed and ready for the morning work. Before dawn penetrated into the equipment to merge themselves a little alcohol, but because A number of systems were under stress, there was closure, and has begun fire. Technology, so they do not hit, he immediately jumped out, shut down and seal machine, and started a fire inside (already visible smoke) in every possible way to fuss and cook outside. Came to the rescue outfit firefighters were working inside without the admission of a secret facility, so while receiving permission, the flames began to break out out, and followed the command "Run from the car!" A few seconds later followed by an explosion, which killed one person, the team did not notice (he was on the other side of the aircraft). Perhaps there was another aircraft A-60, which in 1993 in Taganrog was prepared for dismantling.
works on a flying laboratory "1A2" improvements and modifications of special complex and its systems are continuing to the present. Chief designer on the subject is NA Stepanov.
detailed specifications on the site - Airwar.ru
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